1 Kings 1:13

Authorized King James Version

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Go and get thee in unto king David, and say unto him, Didst not thou, my lord, O king, swear unto thine handmaid, saying, Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? why then doth Adonijah reign?

Original Language Analysis

לְכִ֞י H1980
לְכִ֞י
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 1 of 26
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
וּבֹ֣אִי׀ and get thee in H935
וּבֹ֣אִי׀ and get thee in
Strong's: H935
Word #: 2 of 26
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ O king H4428
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ O king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 4 of 26
a king
דָּוִ֗ד David H1732
דָּוִ֗ד David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 5 of 26
david, the youngest son of jesse
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 6 of 26
to say (used with great latitude)
אֵלָיו֙ H413
אֵלָיו֙
Strong's: H413
Word #: 7 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הֲלֹֽא H3808
הֲלֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 26
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אַתָּ֞ה H859
אַתָּ֞ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 9 of 26
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
אֲדֹנִ֣י unto him Didst not thou my lord H113
אֲדֹנִ֣י unto him Didst not thou my lord
Strong's: H113
Word #: 10 of 26
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ O king H4428
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ O king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 11 of 26
a king
נִשְׁבַּ֤עְתָּ swear H7650
נִשְׁבַּ֤עְתָּ swear
Strong's: H7650
Word #: 12 of 26
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
לַאֲמָֽתְךָ֙ unto thine handmaid H519
לַאֲמָֽתְךָ֙ unto thine handmaid
Strong's: H519
Word #: 13 of 26
a maid-servant or female slave
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say H559
לֵאמֹ֔ר and say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 14 of 26
to say (used with great latitude)
כִּֽי Assuredly H3588
כִּֽי Assuredly
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 15 of 26
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 16 of 26
shelomah, david's successor
בְנֵךְ֙ thy son H1121
בְנֵךְ֙ thy son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 17 of 26
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
מָלַ֥ךְ reign H4427
מָלַ֥ךְ reign
Strong's: H4427
Word #: 18 of 26
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
אַֽחֲרַ֔י after H310
אַֽחֲרַ֔י after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 19 of 26
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
וְה֖וּא H1931
וְה֖וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 20 of 26
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
יֵשֵׁ֣ב me and he shall sit H3427
יֵשֵׁ֣ב me and he shall sit
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 21 of 26
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 22 of 26
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כִּסְאִ֑י upon my throne H3678
כִּסְאִ֑י upon my throne
Strong's: H3678
Word #: 23 of 26
properly, covered, i.e., a throne (as canopied)
וּמַדּ֖וּעַ H4069
וּמַדּ֖וּעַ
Strong's: H4069
Word #: 24 of 26
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
מָלַ֥ךְ reign H4427
מָלַ֥ךְ reign
Strong's: H4427
Word #: 25 of 26
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
אֲדֹֽנִיָּֽהוּ׃ why then doth Adonijah H138
אֲדֹֽנִיָּֽהוּ׃ why then doth Adonijah
Strong's: H138
Word #: 26 of 26
adonijah, the name of three israelites

Analysis & Commentary

Go and get thee in unto king David, and say unto him, Didst not thou, my lord, O king, swear unto thine handmaid, saying, Assuredly Solomon thy son shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne? why then doth Adonijah reign?

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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